Proposal for Reparations of African Americans Essay

During the mid 1950s to late sixties Afri advise Americans started responding to the oppressive word shown to them by the studyity of white spate in the country. They responded to the segregation of blacks and whites during that conviction and the double standards the African Americans were held to. African Americans responded to their suppression by move in boycotts, demonstratees, hinge upon-ins, and move to begin decree passed so that they could overcome their degrading molduation. They were happy in some(prenominal) of these actions and through them brought well-nigh more(prenominal) rights for African Americans.Boycotts were a major(ip) way that the African Americans got their voices and wants heard. The most uttermost-famed boycott was probably the capital of Alabama deal Boycott. After the arrest of Rosa park for refusing to give up her seat to a white man, Martin Luther mightiness younger , urged the pot of Montgomery to boycott the bus system. African Ame ricans didnt want to be considered wanting(p) to white large number, and they didnt want to be forced to be subservient to them on b characters. They didnt think it was fair that they had to lay in the back of buses and give up their seats to white people.As King put it, thither comes a time when people get tired of world tramp guide over by the iron feet of subjection (King 347). Because African Americans were ready to do something to attendant their rights they followed Kings advice to work with puritanic and firm determi re existence to gain jurist on the buses in this city through boycotting (King 348) The Montgomery bus boycott made the human race transportation system realize how pregnant African Americans were to the transportation system.The combined termination of loss of money and pressure from close to the country growd a victory for the African American civilian Rights movement. The boycott lasted 382 twenty-four hourss, until the virtue of nature exc lusivelyowing racial segregation on buses was elevate and white people and African-Americans were able to sit wherever they wished to on buses. There were excessively boycotts of businesses where the segregation of African Americans was still genuinely(prenominal) prevalent. M any(prenominal) of these boycotts were successful. The boycotts caused enough financial difficulties that the crystalize businesses either had to close or integrate.Diners where African Americans had to sit separate from white people or where African Americans werent helpd at completely were boycotted against as well until that dining car served African Americans and allowed them to sit wherever they cute and with whomever they wanted. Diners also faced the difficulty of sit-ins if they refused to serve African Americans. In Greensboro, North Carolina, a black college student named Joseph McNeill was refused service at the restitution of a restaurant. The next day he and 3 of his friends came and s at at the eat counter waiting to be served.They werent served that day. The four of them returned to the lunch counter each day, nevertheless were never served. The students were alert each day that they came to the lunch counter that they would probably not be served, but they were also aware that this form of unprovoking protest could be a flop method in accomplishing the desegregation of lunch counters (McElrath 1). Then, an article in the New York Times, brought receive to this sit-in and many other students linked in on the sit-in. This started a stove of sit-ins around the country to protest the misuse of African-Americans.Despite many hardships, including being defeat and doused with Ammonia, more people kept demo up at these monstrances. The sit-ins were effective in the fact that restaurants either served the African-Americans at the counter, or closed down. In one character reference a restaurant took out all of the chairs in the restaurant so that no one cou ld be served anywhere, which ended up causing him to afford to close down. In addition to sit-ins, there were also kneel-ins at churches where African-Americans were not allowed to worship referable to race. Sit-ins and kneel-ins were very effective.As John F. Kennedy said, the protestors have shown that the brisk way for Americans to stand up for their rights is to sit down (Kennedy 1). Marches were also a prevalent way in which African Americans showed their discontent and fought out for their rights. Black leading like Martin Luther King younger take work ones on major cities, trying to voice their alimentation of the civilized Rights movement. unrivalled of the number one marches in support of courtly Rights was the protest march led by three ministers, including Martin Luther King Jr. , in Birmingham, Alabama.The march was met by policemen and dogs and the three ministers were put into jail. This was where King wrote his inspiring, Letter From Birmingham Jail, which define forth the need for the non-violent protest against raw impartialitys. This call for non-violent protests was one of the major factors that induce people to take the path of non-violent protests in order to promote polite Rights. perhaps the most famous march in favor of urbane Rights was The March on capital letter. Civil Rights leaders, Bayard Rustin and Philip Randolph, were the chief planners of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.They wanted to embody in one gesture civil rights as well as national stinting demands. (Randolph 1). The march was held on August 28, 1963, and more than 200,000 demonstrators gathered in front of the Washington Memorial to protest against the ill treatment of minorities, primarily African Americans, and to listen to many speakers, including Martin Luther King Jr. , who gave his famous I have a dream speech. The march had six official goals, but the major one was the passage of the civil rights law that the Kennedy administratio n had proposed after the problems in Birmingham.The march gained its purpose, but not without much arguing and struggle. The African American voice could not be ignored though, and many advances for Civil Rights were gained through the March on Washington, a march that would go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation (King 1) other very effective response to the degradation of African Americans was to try to get statute passed. One of the landmark cases for Civil Rights was browned v. mount of Education. This case over-turned the view in Plessy v.Ferguson which said that schools could be unintegrated as long as they were fitted in education and facilities. Brown v. Board of Education explicitly said that there is no way that separate can be equal and that by having separate but equal schools, the presidential term was blatantly ignoring the 14th amendment which states, No State shall contract or enforce any law which shall ab ridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the joined States nor shall any State discard to any person indoors its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws (Congress 1).This lawcourt case caused the schools to be integrated, which was one of the first flavors to racial equality. Another authoritative view in the fight for Civil Rights was the Civil Rights encounter of 1964. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 states that, All persons shall be entitled to the rise and equal enjoyment of goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, and accommodations of any shopping centre of public accommodation without discrimination or segregation on the ground of race, color, religion, or national origins (Congress 350) This meant that.African Americans couldnt be turned down from jobs due unaccompanied to race, their voting rights couldnt be interpreted into question due to race, and they couldnt be denied service in any public facilities. This piece of legislation had a fa r reaching impact, and howevered along the Civil Rights movement. Another very important piece of legislation was the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This outlawed the use of literacy tests to determine the right to vote. This gave more African Americans the ability to vote and to have a say in the government that was ruling them.The ability to vote allowed African Americans to have a voice in government and to elect people that they thought would further their rights. The ability of African Americans to get legislation passed that supported their rights was a major step in the improvement of the treatment of African Americans and made it so that legally people could not discriminate against, segregate, or deny voting rights to them. The different responses of the African American Community, including boycotts, marches, sit-ins, and fighting for legislation, changed civil rights in the United States.The African Americans fought out against injustice, just as our founding fathers fought out against the injustice of the British. Their efforts helped create a more integrated and accept society where race is not the wholly thing people see when feeling at a person. Although the society right away is not perfectly judge of all races, society is much more accepting than it was half a century ago, and that is due largely to the African American movements in favor of Civil Rights. Works Cited Brown v. Board of Education. Wikipedia. Wikipedia. 2 Feb 2007 .African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968). Wikipedia. Wikipedia. 29 Jan 2007 . Brief Timeline of the American Civil Rights Movement (1954 1965). Timeline of the American Civil Rights Movement. 29 Jan 2007 . King, Martin Luther. Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. Defends Seamstress Rosa Parks, 1955. Major Problems in American History Volume II. Edited. Edited. capital of Massachusetts Houghton Mifflin Company, 2002. The March on Washington. The Civil Rights Movement. 2 Feb 2007 . McElrath, Jessica. African American History. Lunch foreclose Sit-Ins. About. 2 Feb 2007 .